Solar and Heliospheric Phenomena in October-November 2003: Causes and Effects
I.S.Veselovsky1, M.I.Panasyuk1, S.I.Avdyushin2, G.A.Bazilevskaya3, A.V.Belov4, S. A.Bogachev3, V.M.Bogod5, A.V.Bogomolov1, V.Bothmer6, K.A.Boyarchuk4, E.V.Vashenyuk7, V.I.Vlasov8, A.A.Gnezdilov4, R.V.Gorgutsa4, V.V.Grechnev9, Yu.I.Denisov1, A.V.Dmitriev1,10, M.Dryer11, Yu.I.Yermolaev12, E.A.Eroshenko4, G.A.Zherebtsov9, I.A.Zhitnik3, A.N.Zhukov1,13, G.N.Zastenker12, L.M.Zelenyi12, M.A.Zeldovich1, G.S.Ivanov-Kholodnyi4, A.P.Ignat'ev3, V.N.Ishkov4, O.P.Kolomiytsev1, I.A.Krasheninnikov4, K.Kudela14, B.M.Kuzhevsky1, S.V.Kuzin3, V.D.Kuznetsov4, S.N.Kuznetsov1, V.G.Kurt1, L.L.Lazutin,L.N.Leshchenko4, M.L.Litvak12, Yu.I.Logachev1, G.Lawrence13, A.K.Markeev4, V.S.Makhmutov3, A.V.Mitrofanov3, I.G.Mitrofanov12, O.V.Morozov1, I.N.Myagkova1, A.A.Nusinov2, S.N.Oparin3, O.A.Panasenco1, A.A.Pertsov3, A.A.Petrukovich12, A.N.Podorol'sky1, E.P.Romashets4, S.I.Svertilov1, P.M.Svidsky2, A.K.Svirzhevskaya3, N.S.Svirzhevsky3, V.A.Slemzin3, Z.Smith11, I.I.Sobel'man3, D.E.Sobolev4, Yu.I.Stozhkov3, A.V.Suvorova1, N.K.Sukhodrev3, I.P.Tindo3, S.Kh.Tokhchukova15, V.V.Fomichev4, I.V.Chashey8, I.M.Chertok4, V.I.Shishov8, B.Yu.Yushkov1, O.S.Yakovchouk1, and V.G.Yanke4
1 Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
2 Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics, Moscow
3 Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
4 Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation (IZMIRAN), Troitsk, Moscow oblast, Russia
5 Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Arkhyz, Russia
6Max-Planck Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
7 Polar Geophysical Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia
8 Pushchino Observatory, Astro Space Center, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
9 Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
10 Institute of Space Science, Jungli, Taiwan
11Space Environment Center, Boulder, USA
12 Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
13 Observatoire Royal de Belgique, Bruxelles, Belgium
14 Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Kosice, Slovakia
15 Main (Pulkovo) Astronomical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pulkovo, Russia Received May 19, 2004
Abstract - We present new observational data on the phenomena of extremely high activity on the Sun and in the heliosphere that took place in October–November 2003. A large variety of solar and heliospheric parameters give evidence that the interval under consideration is unique over the entire observation time. Based on these data, comparing them with similar situations in the past and using available theoretical concepts, we discuss possible cause-and-effect connections between the processes observed. The paper includes the first results and conclusions derived by the collaboration "Solar Extreme Events-2003" organized in Russia for detailed investigations of these events. As a result of our consideration, it is beyond question that the physical causes of solar and heliospheric phenomena in October–November 2003 are not exclusively local and do not belong only to the active regions and solar atmosphere above them. The energy reservoirs and driving forces of these processes have a more global nature. In general, they are hidden from an observer, since ultimately their sources lie in the subphotospheric layers of the Sun, where changes that are fast and difficult to predict can sometimes take place (and indeed they do). Solar flares can serve as sufficiently good tracers of these sudden changes and reconstructions on the Sun, although one can still find other diagnostic indicators among the parameters of magnetic fields, motions of matter, and emission characteristics.
DOI: 10.1023/B:COSM.0000046229.24716.02 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/l915153937884503/
